The journal is dedicated to maintaining the highest standards of academic honesty and publication ethics. To ensure the integrity of the scientific record, all submitted manuscripts must be original, unpublished, and free from any form of plagiarism. Authors are expected to present work that is entirely their own, and all ideas, text, data, images, or results taken from other sources must be properly cited and acknowledged.

Plagiarism is defined as the use of another person’s work—whether published or unpublished—without adequate citation. This includes verbatim copying, close paraphrasing, or presenting someone else’s ideas or findings as one’s own. Self-plagiarism, which involves reusing significant portions of one’s previously published work without proper reference, is also strictly prohibited. Other forms, such as mosaic plagiarism, replication of tables or figures without permission, or using publicly unavailable datasets without credit, are treated with equal seriousness.

All manuscripts submitted to the journal undergo a detailed similarity check using advanced plagiarism detection software before entering the peer-review stage. The journal considers a similarity score below 15–20% acceptable, excluding references and standard technical phrases. Manuscripts with 20–30% similarity may be returned to authors for revision, while those exceeding 30% or containing clear evidence of copied content may be rejected immediately. Any detected instance of plagiarism, regardless of percentage, is evaluated carefully by the editorial team.

Authors hold full responsibility for the originality of their work, and reviewers or editors are encouraged to report any suspected cases. By adhering to this policy, the journal ensures that all published research maintains credibility, originality, and ethical integrity.